Desenmascarando la polimialgia reumática, papel de la Medicina Nuclear / Decoding polymyalgia rheumatica, the role of Nuclear Medicine Imaging

La polimialgia reumática (PMR) es una enfermedad inflamatoria de las articulaciones que se presenta en pacientes mayores de 50 años con dolor y rigidez matutina prolongada en las cinturas del hombro y la cadera y en el cuello. La falta de hallazgos clínicos específicos, signos de laboratorio, biomarcadores y métodos de imagen establecidos dificulta el diagnóstico de los pacientes con esta enfermedad. La 18F-FDG PET/TC es una técnica de imagen funcional que constituye una herramienta consolidada en Oncología y que también ha demostrado su utilidad en el campo de las enfermedades inflamatorias. El objetivo de este trabajo es presentar evidencia bibliográfica sobre el uso de métodos de imagen molecular como la PET/TC para el diagnóstico precoz, la evaluación de la actividad de la enfermedad y la respuesta terapéutica en la PMR. Al mismo tiempo, se consideran las ventajas, las desventajas y las contraindicaciones de otros métodos (AU)

Polymyalgia rheumatica (PMR) is an inflammatory joint disease that presents in patients older than 50 years with prolonged morning pain and stiffness in the shoulder and hip joints and neck. The lack of specific clinical findings, laboratory signs, biomarkers and established imaging methods makes it difficult to diagnose patients with this disease. 18F-FDG PET/CT is a functional imaging technique that is an established tool in oncology and has also proven useful in the field of inflammatory diseases. The aim of this paper is to present literature evidence on the use of molecular imaging methods such as PET/CT for early diagnosis, assessment of disease activity and therapeutic response in PMR. At the same time, the advantages, disadvantages and contraindications of other methods are considered (AU)

Clinical implementation of a multiplex PCR detection method for HPV causing plantar warts and genotype distribution in different geographical areas of Spain.

Human papillomavirus is the ethological agent of various tumors, including plantar warts as one of the most frequent clinical presentations. Diagnosis of these warts continues to be mainly clinical, and a significant incidence of misdiagnosis leads to inadequate treatment. The aim of this study is to implement and validate a multiplex PCR detection method in the clinical setting to detect HPV in samples and to study genotype distribution in Spain to improve future molecular diagnostics. Viral DNA was extracted from 128 samples of clinically suspected plantar warts from various locations in Spain. A multiplex PCR was run alongside internal controls, and amplicons were processed for sequencing and HPV genotyping. The method was validated by assessing both inter- and intra-run repeatability. The PCR detection method returned 81.2 % (n = 104) positive results in the samples tested. Inter- and intra-run repeatability tests showed excellent intra-run agreement (κ = 1.00, p < 0.001) and good inter-run agreement (κ = 0.737, p < 0.001). The most frequent HPV type was HPV1, followed by HPV27, showing a statistical difference between the distribution of HPV genotypes in different areas of Spain. Clinical implementation of a DNA PCR detection method for plantar warts can avoid 18.8 % of unnecessary treatments in doubtful cases, and the method is reliable and validated for the purpose. HPV types show an asymmetric geographical distribution that should be considered for diagnosis and treatment.

[Effect on the time of admission to the Intensive Care Unit of the start-up of an Critical Care Outreach Team]. / Efecto sobre el momento del ingreso en la unidad de cuidados intensivos de la puesta en marcha de un servicio extendido de medicina intensiva.

INTRODUCTION: The implementation of the Critical Care Outreach Teams can influence the time of admission of patients to the Intensive Care Unit (ICU). MATERIAL AND METHODS: Retrospective, descriptive, quasi-experimental "before-after" cohort study. All patients admitted to the unit urgently from Monday to Friday for two periods (between February 1, 2022 and June 30 and between February 1, 2023 and June 30, 2023) are included. The patients were divided into regular shift admissions (08-15h) and on-call (15-08h). The secondary objective was to assess whether there were differences in mortality between the two periods. RESULTS: During the first period of the study, 239 patients were admitted. 29.29% entered the ordinary shift and 70.71% on duty shift. During the second period, 211 patients were included with 43.13% of admissions in the ordinary shift. The comparison between the two periods observed a significant increase in the percentage of admissions in the morning hours in the second period (P=.0031). Mortality in the first period was 13.80% and in the second period 9.95%. The comparison between the two periods did not reveal significant differences. CONCLUSIONS: The start-up of the Critical Care Outreach Teams is associated with an increase in the proportion of ICU admissions in the morning period without any observed changes in mortality.

Pandemic preparedness from the perspective of Occupational Health professionals.

BACKGROUND: Prior to any infectious disease emergence as a public health concern, early occupational preparedness is crucial for protecting employees from novel pathogens- coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is no different. AIMS: This study ascertains how occupational safety and health (OSH)/Human Resource (HR) professionals in the Republic of Ireland had managed to prepare their workplaces prior to the advent of COVID-19. METHODS: As part of a larger COVID-19 workplace study, online focus groups were conducted with OSH/HR professionals. Collected data were transcribed verbatim and entered into NVivo for thematic analysis incorporating intercoder reliability testing. RESULTS: Fifteen focus groups were conducted with OSH/HR professionals (n = 60) from various occupational settings. Three levels of organizational preparedness were identified: 'early awareness and preparation'; 'unaware and not ready' and 'aware, but not ready'. Most organizations were aware of the COVID-19 severity, but not fully prepared for the pandemic, especially stand-alone enterprises that may not have sufficient resources to cope with an unanticipated crisis. The experiences shared by OSH professionals illustrate their agility in applying risk management and control skills to unanticipated public/occupational health crises that arise. CONCLUSIONS: General pandemic preparedness such as the availability of work-from-home policies, emergency scenario planning and prior experience in workplace outbreaks of infectious diseases were helpful for workplace-associated COVID-19 prevention. This is the first study conducted with OSH/HR professionals in Ireland regarding COVID-19 preparedness in workplaces, which provides valuable insights into research literature, as well as empirical experience for the preparation of future public health emergencies.

Decoding polymyalgia rheumatica, the role of Nuclear Medicine Imaging.

Polymyalgia rheumatica (PMR) is an inflammatory joint disease that presents in patients older than 50 years with prolonged morning pain and stiffness in the shoulder and hip joints and neck. The lack of specific clinical findings, laboratory signs, biomarkers and established imaging methods makes it difficult to diagnose patients with this disease. 18F-FDG PET/CT is a functional imaging technique that is an established tool in oncology and has also proven useful in the field of inflammatory diseases. The aim of this paper is to present literature evidence on the use of molecular imaging methods such as PET/CT for early diagnosis, assessment of disease activity and therapeutic response in PMR. At the same time, the advantages, disadvantages and contraindications of other methods are considered.

Estimulación cerebral profunda combinada del núcleo subtalámico y el globo pálido interno en la enfermedad de Parkinson / Combined subthalamic nucleus and globus pallidus internus deep brain stimulation in Parkinson’s disease

Introducción: La estimulación cerebral profunda (ECP) del núcleo subtalámico (NST) y el globo pálido interno (GPi) son los principales abordajes quirúrgicos en la enfermedad de Parkinson avanzada. La estimulación suele aplicarse de forma bilateral en la misma estructura cerebral. Sin embargo, cuando diferentes síntomas motores se presentan concomitantemente en el mismo paciente, la modulación simultánea de diferentes estructuras cerebrales puede ser una alternativa eficaz. Caso clínico: Presentamos un paciente con enfermedad de Parkinson avanzada en el que se realizó ECP combinada en NST y el GPi. La ECP del NST izquierdo controló de manera óptima la sintomatología del hemicuerpo derecho, mientras que las discinesias problemáticas que presentaba en el hemicuerpo izquierdo se redujeron con éxito mediante la estimulación del GPi derecho. Discusión. La estimulación combinada del NST/GPi puede considerarse un enfoque neuroquirúrgico adecuado cuando surge una sintomatología motora desafiante en pacientes con enfermedad de Parkinson avanzada.(AU)

Introduction: Subthalamic nucleus (STN) and globus pallidus internus (GPi) deep brain stimulation (DBS) are the main surgical approaches for advanced Parkinson’s disease. Stimulation is usually applied bilaterally in the same brain structure. However, when various motor symptoms concomitantly present in the same patient, simultaneous modulation of different brain structures may be a suitable alternative. Case report: We present a patient with advanced Parkinson’s disease with a combined DBS neurosurgery. Left STN DBS optimally controlled the off right hemibody symptomatology while left side troublesome dyskinesias were successfully relieved by right GPi stimulation. Discussion: Combined STN/GPi stimulation can be considered a suitable approach when challenging motor symptomatology arises in advanced Parkinson’s disease patients.(AU)

Physical and CFD model used in the analysis of particles dispersion.

Air pollution, representing one of the major environmental crises affecting us all, is responsible for half a million deaths each year in Europe. This research shows a numerical model based on Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) and a methodology for its validation allowing to know the evolution of particles in open urban environments. In this case, the model represents an area of Gijón (Asturias), specifically chosen as it serves to highlight a location at which the daily limit values of PM10 set by the regulations are most frequently exceeded. A numerical model has been developed at a scale of 1:10,000 to simulate the dispersion of pollutants, including particulate emissions. A physical model at the same scale was built using 3D printing. This model was tested in a wind tunnel and analysed in the four main wind directions. To carry out the tests, a particle generation system was designed and manufactured, and the necessary infrastructure was built to take measurements using an optical particle meter. Results show that the numerical model meets the expected objectives and is capable of predicting the behaviour of particle dispersion in the air. The numerical model produces results in the same order of magnitude as the physical model, although there is a tendency to underestimate the maximum values with respect to the measured ones.

Effects of endocrine disorders on maxillary and mandibular growth in Colombian children and adolescents: a cross-sectional study.

OBJECTIVE: To establish the influence of overweight/obesity, medicated hypothyroidism, and medicated non-syndromic hypogrowth on maxillary and mandibular growth. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The relation between 10 craniofacial anthropometric measurements and hypothyroidism (n = 216), overweight/obesity (n = 108), and non-syndromic hypogrowth (n = 250) were evaluated in patients aged 1-19 years and a control group of healthy patients (n = 587). A subgroup analysis was performed at the peak growth in all groups. RESULTS: Patients with overweight/obesity and hypothyroidism showed increased craniofacial growth, while hypogrowth patients showed differences in zygomatic width and nasal base growth. Females with hypothyroidism and non-syndromic hypogrowth showed decreased head circumference at peak growth. Several anthropometric measurements were increased in patients with overweight/obesity, including head circumference. When all age groups were analyzed, overweight/obese and hypothyroidism patients showed increased zygomatic width while decreased hypogrowth. Overall, most craniofacial anthropometric measurements in overweight/obese patients were increased. Finally, the peak growth in males with hypothyroidism and subjects with non-syndromic hypogrowth was delayed compared to the control group (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Children and adolescents with overweight/obesity and endocrine disorders showed alterations in craniofacial growth. Clinicians must be aware that the growth peak in these patients may be delayed when planning maxillary and mandibular orthopedic treatment.

Management of chemotherapy hypersensitivity reactions and desensitization: An SGO clinical practice statement.

OBJECTIVE: The goal of this practice statement is to help members and their multidisciplinary teams recognize infusion reactions and hypersensitivity reactions in the clinical setting. It will provide recommendations to help guide response to reactions and desensitization when appropriate, to promote safe use of chemotherapeutic agents among all providers in the delivery process. METHODS: A multi-disciplinary team of healthcare professionals from the Society of Gynecologic Oncology Education Committee collaborated to review peer reviewed literature and guidelines to develop a practice statement on the management of chemotherapy hypersensitivity reactions and desensitization regimens. RESULTS: There is always potential for a patient to have a reaction to any medication, with both infusion reactions and hypersensitivity reactions potentially occurring in the treatment of gynecologic cancers. Premedication to prevent reactions should be given at least prior to infusion for regimens that include the most common agents associated with reactions. At the time when reaction is occurring it might be difficult to distinguish between an infusion reaction versus true hypersensitivity given the similarities in signs and symptoms, therefore it is important that orders to manage reactions be included in every chemotherapy order set so the infusion nurse can provide immediate interventions while waiting for the provider to arrive to assess the patient. Desensitization is a potential option to allow the patient to continue to receive the offending agent. While a variety of desensitization regimens have been presented in the literature, the goal is to minimize steps and variability to decrease opportunity for errors during chemotherapy preparation or administration. CONCLUSION: Incorporating a review of the literature and clinical experience from the SGO Education Committee, this paper provides an overview of current approaches for prevention and management of reactions to commonly used chemotherapy agents for gynecologic cancers.

Effect of graphite oxide electrochemically exfoliated over a multimode interference filter.

In this work, we study multimodal interference filters with a graphite oxide coating. Use of the multimodal interference filter shows a distinctive peak in the signal spectrum, and when using the exfoliated graphite coated multimodal interference filter, the signal shows different spectral changes, such as the full width at half maximum of the curve, the maximum power, and central wavelength, which indicates that graphite oxide absorbs part of the energy. In addition, microscope observations when a He-Ne laser is passed through the filter confirm that graphite oxide is adhered to the filter.

SYNAPSES. A European observational study to evaluate the safety and the effectiveness of safinamide in routine clinical practice: post-hoc analysis of the Spanish study population. / SYNAPSES. Estudio observacional europeo para evaluar la seguridad y la efectividad de la safinamida en la práctica clínica habitual: análisis post hoc de la población española del estudio.

INTRODUCTION: Parkinson's Disease (PD) is a progressive age-related neurodegenerative condition requiring new therapeutic alternatives. Safinamide, a novel levodopa add-on therapy, positively affects disease fluctuations by modulating both dopaminergic and glutamatergic systems. To further investigate the use of safinamide in European routine clinical practice, the present post-hoc analysis aimed to understand safinamide's safety profile within the Spanish study population. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Five hundred eleven Spanish patients with PD were evaluated at baseline, four (±1), eight (±1), and 12 (±1) months after initiating safinamide treatment. Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS) total score and UPDRS part III score during on time were used to measure the overall severity of PD and motor complications, respectively, while the severity of adverse events was evaluated following the investigators' criteria. RESULTS: Safinamide showed a favourable safety profile within the Spanish study population, although prescription to patients with psychiatric conditions and off-label use were more frequent than in the European study population. In Spain, clinically meaningful improvements were observed in UPDRS scores when safinamide was used as the only add-on therapy to levodopa (57.4% and 53.7% of patients) and when switching from rasagiline (55.1% of patients). Motor complications were reduced from 83.2% to 63.3% after the study period. Increased safety concerns were undetected in any patient subgroup, although patients with cognitive impairment showed a slightly higher frequency of adverse events. CONCLUSIONS: This subanalysis further supports safinamide use as a safe and efficacious option for the management of motor fluctuations in different subgroups of levodopa-treated patients. However, safinamide should be used with caution in patients with cognitive impairment.

TITLE: SYNAPSES. Estudio observacional europeo para evaluar la seguridad y la efectividad de la safinamida en la práctica clínica habitual: análisis post hoc de la población española del estudio.Introducción. La enfermedad de Parkinson (EP) es una enfermedad neurodegenerativa progresiva relacionada con la edad que requiere nuevas alternativas terapéuticas. La safinamida, un nuevo tratamiento add-on a la levodopa, afecta positivamente a las fluctuaciones de esta enfermedad al modular los sistemas dopaminérgico y glutamatérgico. Para investigar más a fondo el uso de la safinamida en la práctica clínica rutinaria europea, el presente análisis post hoc tiene como objetivo comprender el perfil de seguridad de la safinamida dentro de la población española del estudio. Pacientes y métodos. Se evaluó a 511 pacientes españoles con EP al inicio, cuatro (±1), ocho (±1) y 12 (±1) meses después de iniciar el tratamiento con safinamida. Se utilizaron la puntuación total de la escala unificada de puntuación de la enfermedad de Parkinson (UPDRS) y la puntuación de la UPDRS III, durante el tiempo en on para medir la gravedad general de la EP y las complicaciones motoras, respectivamente, mientras que la gravedad de los acontecimientos adversos se evaluó siguiendo los criterios de los investigadores. Resultados. La safinamida mostró un perfil de seguridad favorable en la población española del estudio, aunque la prescripción a pacientes con enfermedades psiquiátricas y el uso para indicaciones no autorizadas fueron más frecuentes que en la población europea del estudio. En España se observaron mejoras clínicamente significativas en las puntuaciones de la UPDRS cuando se utilizó la safinamida como único tratamiento add-on a la levodopa (el 57,4 y el 53,7% de los pacientes) y cuando se venía de administrar rasagilina (el 55,1% de los pacientes). Las complicaciones motoras se redujeron del 83,2 al 63,3% tras el período de estudio. No se detectaron mayores problemas de seguridad en ningún subgrupo de pacientes, aunque los pacientes con deterioro cognitivo mostraron una frecuencia algo superior de acontecimientos adversos. Conclusiones. Este subanálisis respalda el uso de la safinamida como opción segura y eficaz para el tratamiento de las fluctuaciones motoras en diferentes subgrupos de pacientes tratados con levodopa. Sin embargo, la safinamida debe utilizarse con precaución en pacientes con deterioro cognitivo.

SYNAPSES. Estudio observacional europeo para evaluar la seguridad y la efectividad de la safinamida en la práctica clínica habitual: análisis post hoc de la población española del estudio / SYNAPSES. A European observational study to evaluate the safety and the effectiveness of safinamide in routine clinical practice: post-hoc analysis of the Spanish study population

Introducción La enfermedad de Parkinson (EP) es una afección neurodegenerativa progresiva relacionada con la edad que requiere nuevas alternativas terapéuticas. La safinamida, un nuevo tratamiento complementario de la levodopa, afecta positivamente a las fluctuaciones de esta enfermedad al modular los sistemas dopaminérgico y glutamatérgico. Para investigar más a fondo el uso de la safinamida en la práctica clínica rutinaria europea, el presente análisis post hoc tiene como objetivo comprender el perfil de seguridad de la safinamida dentro de la población española del estudio. Pacientes y métodos Se evaluó a 511 pacientes españoles con EP al inicio, cuatro (±1), ocho (±1) y 12 (±1) meses después de iniciar el tratamiento con safinamida. Se utilizaron la puntuación total de la escala unificada de puntuación de la enfermedad de Parkinson (UPDRS) y la puntuación de la UPDRS III, durante el tiempo en on para medir la gravedad general de la EP y las complicaciones motoras, respectivamente, mientras que la gravedad de los acontecimientos adversos se evaluó siguiendo los criterios de los investigadores. Resultados La safinamida mostró un perfil de seguridad favorable en la población española del estudio, aunque la prescripción a pacientes con enfermedades psiquiátricas y el uso para indicaciones no autorizadas fueron más frecuentes que en la población europea del estudio. En España se observaron mejoras clínicamente significativas en las puntuaciones de la UPDRS cuando se utilizó la safinamida como único tratamiento complementario a la levodopa (el 57,4 y el 53,7% de los pacientes) y cuando se venía de administrar rasagilina (el 55,1% de los pacientes). Las complicaciones motoras se redujeron del 83,2 al 63,3% tras el período de estudio. No se detectaron mayores problemas de seguridad en ningún subgrupo de pacientes, aunque los pacientes con deterioro cognitivo mostraron una frecuencia algo superior de acontecimientos adversos. Conclusiones ... (AU)

Introduction. Parkinson’s Disease (PD) is a progressive age-related neurodegenerative condition requiring new therapeutic alternatives. Safinamide, a novel levodopa add-on therapy, positively affects disease fluctuations by modulating both dopaminergic and glutamatergic systems. To further investigate the use of safinamide in European routine clinical practice, the present post-hoc analysis aimed to understand safinamide’s safety profile within the Spanish study population. Patients and methods. Five hundred eleven Spanish patients with PD were evaluated at baseline, four (±1), eight (±1), and 12 (±1) months after initiating safinamide treatment. Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS) total score and UPDRS part III score during on time were used to measure the overall severity of PD and motor complications, respectively, while the severity of adverse events was evaluated following the investigators’ criteria. Results. Safinamide showed a favourable safety profile within the Spanish study population, although prescription to patients with psychiatric conditions and off-label use were more frequent than in the European study population. In Spain, clinically meaningful improvements were observed in UPDRS scores when safinamide was used as the only add-on therapy to levodopa (57.4% and 53.7% of patients) and when switching from rasagiline (55.1% of patients). Motor complications were reduced from 83.2% to 63.3% after the study period. Increased safety concerns were undetected in any patient subgroup, although patients with cognitive impairment showed a slightly higher frequency of adverse events. Conclusions. This subanalysis further supports safinamide use as a safe and efficacious option for the management of motor fluctuations in different subgroups of levodopa-treated patients. However, safinamide should be used with caution in patients with cognitive impairment. (AU)

Ligand and metal-centred reactivity in 2,6-bis(imino)-1,4-dihydropyridinate Zn(II) alkyls: the dual behaviour of an intriguing type of complex.

Dihydropyridines, either free or metal-coordinated, are organic hydride transfer reductants that perform on the same premises as the natural redox cofactor NAD(P)+/NAD(P)H. 1-Bn and 1-Me are alkylzinc complexes containing dihydropyridinate-based pincer ligands that have been synthesized through different routes involving the addition of ZnR2 (R = Bn, Me) to the 2,6-bis(imino)-pyridine and 2,6-bis(imino)-4-Bn-dihydropyridine (iPrBIP and 4-BniPrBIPH2) ligands, respectively. The alkyls complexes 1-R react with fluorinated alcohols RFOH (RF = C6F5 or t-C4F9) yielding isolable fluoroalkoxides 2-F5 and 2-F9, in which the reactive 1,4-dihydropyridinate ligand remains unchanged. The crystal structure of 2-F5 shows the shortest Zn⋯F-C interaction reported so far, involving one of the o-F atoms of the C6F5 group. However, the mechanism of the alcoholysis reactions is not straightforward, as NMR monitoring revealed that acidic RFOH first protonates the dihydropyridine nitrogen, releasing the dihydropyridine base 4-BniPrBIPH2 and a highly reactive Zn(R)(ORF) species that re-captures the dihydropyridine in a subsequent step, eliminating the corresponding alkane (R-H). Depending on the mixing conditions, the pincer dihydropyridinate ligand may undergo aromatization to produce the new Zn(II) dialkoxides 3-F5 and 3-F9 stabilised by a neutral iPrBIP ligand [(4R-iPrBIP)Zn(ORF)2]. These protonation and hydride transfer reactions illustrate the dual reactivity of the pincer 1,4-dihydropyridinate zinc entity.

Combined subthalamic nucleus and globus pallidus internus deep brain stimulation in Parkinson's disease. / Estimulación cerebral profunda combinada del núcleo subtalámico y el globo pálido interno en la enfermedad de Parkinson.

INTRODUCTION: Subthalamic nucleus (STN) and globus pallidus internus (GPi) deep brain stimulation (DBS) are the main surgical approaches for advanced Parkinson's disease. Stimulation is usually applied bilaterally in the same brain structure. However, when various motor symptoms concomitantly present in the same patient, simultaneous modulation of different brain structures may be a suitable alternative. CASE REPORT: We present a patient with advanced Parkinson's disease with a combined DBS neurosurgery. Left STN DBS optimally controlled the off right hemibody symptomatology while left side troublesome dyskinesias were successfully relieved by right GPi stimulation. DISCUSSION: Combined STN/GPi stimulation can be considered a suitable approach when challenging motor symptomatology arises in advanced Parkinson's disease patients.

TITLE: Estimulación cerebral profunda combinada del núcleo subtalámico y el globo pálido interno en la enfermedad de Parkinson.Introducción. La estimulación cerebral profunda (ECP) del núcleo subtalámico (NST) y el globo pálido interno (GPi) son los principales abordajes quirúrgicos en la enfermedad de Parkinson avanzada. La estimulación suele aplicarse de forma bilateral en la misma estructura cerebral. Sin embargo, cuando diferentes síntomas motores se presentan concomitantemente en el mismo paciente, la modulación simultánea de diferentes estructuras cerebrales puede ser una alternativa eficaz. Caso clínico. Presentamos un paciente con enfermedad de Parkinson avanzada en el que se realizó ECP combinada en NST y el GPi. La ECP del NST izquierdo controló de manera óptima la sintomatología del hemicuerpo derecho, mientras que las discinesias problemáticas que presentaba en el hemicuerpo izquierdo se redujeron con éxito mediante la estimulación del GPi derecho. Discusión. La estimulación combinada del NST/GPi puede considerarse un enfoque neuroquirúrgico adecuado cuando surge una sintomatología motora desafiante en pacientes con enfermedad de Parkinson avanzada.

Integrando la Inteligencia Artificial y los nuevos modelos de lenguaje en Oftalmología: Complicaciones del uso del aceite de silicona en cirugía vítreo-retiniana / Artificial Intelligence and new language models in Ophthalmology: Complications of the use of silicone oil in vitreoretinal surgery

La inteligencia artificial (IA) es una tecnología emergente que facilita tareas cotidianas y automatiza tareas en diversos campos como medicina. Sin embargo, la irrupción de un modelo de lenguaje en el mundo académico ha generado mucho interés. En esta comunicación se evalúa el potencial de Generative Pre-trained Transformer (ChatGPT), un modelo de lenguaje desarrollado por OpenAI; y de DALL-E 2, un generador de imágenes, en la escritura de artículos científicos en Oftalmología. El tema seleccionado es el de las complicaciones del uso de aceite de silicona (AS) en cirugía vítreo-retiniana. Se utilizó ChatGPT para generar un resumen y un artículo estructurado, sugerencias para un título y referencias bibliográficas. Se puede concluir que, a pesar del conocimiento demostrado, la precisión y fiabilidad científica en temas específicos es insuficiente para la generación automática de artículos con rigor científico. Por otro lado, todo científico debe conocer las posibles implicaciones éticas y legales de estas herramientas (AU)

Artificial intelligence (AI) is an emerging technology that facilitates everyday tasks and automates tasks in various fields such as medicine. However, the emergence of a language model in academia has generated a lot of interest. This paper evaluates the potential of ChatGPT, a language model developed by OpenAI, and DALL-E 2, an image generator, in the writing of scientific articles in ophthalmology. The selected topic is the complications of the use of silicone oil in vitreoretinal surgery. ChatGPT was used to generate an abstract and a structured article, suggestions for a title and bibliographical references. In conclusion, despite the knowledge demonstrated by this tool, the scientific accuracy and reliability on specific topics is insufficient for the automatic generation of scientifically rigorous articles. In addition, scientists should be aware of the possible ethical and legal implications of these tools (AU)